Gambling is an activity in which participants place bets on the outcome of a random event such as a game of chance or a sporting event. Some activities involve skill that can improve the chances of winning, such as learning how to play poker or using knowledge about horses and jockeys to predict probable outcomes in a horse race. While many people enjoy gambling, for some it can be a serious problem. Some individuals develop a condition called pathological gambling in which they experience compulsive urges to gamble despite the adverse consequences of their actions. In some cases, this condition can cause psychological distress and even suicidal thoughts.

Research on the psychology of gambling has yielded insights that could help to reduce its harmful effects. For example, psychologists have found that some people may gamble to relieve negative mood states or as a way to shift their emotions to a more positive state. However, researchers do not know whether these altered emotional states predate or result from the gambling behavior.

The research also suggests that people who gamble tend to be impulsive. Individuals who gamble often take risks in the hope of a big win, and they may continue to gamble even after they have exhausted their money. In addition, they may lie to family members about their gambling habits or spend time hiding evidence of their habit.

People may also use gambling as a social activity or as an outlet for boredom, anger, or anxiety. In some instances, people may begin to feel addicted to gambling because it relieves stress and gives them a sense of accomplishment. In other cases, people may become reliant on gambling as a way to cope with their problems, such as financial distress or a relationship breakdown.

The prevalence of gambling is rising, particularly among people in their early 20s. A recent survey indicated that two-thirds of these young adults reported gambling or playing casino-like games in the previous year. Some research indicates that younger people are more likely to experience a gambling problem than older people, and that they may be more likely to start gambling at an earlier age. Consequently, if you are concerned about your loved one’s gambling habits, it is important to seek professional help. Some professionals can offer referrals to local resources for certified gambling counselors or intensive treatment programs in the area. They can also help you set boundaries in managing your loved one’s finances and review bank and credit card statements. In addition, you can get support from peers in a peer-support group such as Gamblers Anonymous, which is modeled on Alcoholics Anonymous. The group will assign you a sponsor who has successfully overcome their own gambling addiction and can provide guidance and encouragement. Lastly, you can try to find other social and recreational activities that do not involve gambling. For example, you can join a sports team or book club, enroll in an education class, or volunteer for a worthy cause.